Does your computer feel slower every time you open a new app or game? You’re not alone. By the end of 2025, even everyday tasks like streaming, multitasking, or editing photos could turn into a waiting game if your PC isn’t built with the right parts. But here’s the secret: you don’t need to be tech-savvy to stay ahead.
Whether you’re building your first PC, upgrading an old one, or just tired of your machine freezing mid-Zoom call, knowing which component will resolve the issue will save money. Instead of investing in a new PC, rather upgrade that one component that will resolve the issue. Knowing which component matters most will help you get the perfect PC to run the latest applications and software in 2025.
The processor runs the entire system; the latest tech software running on outdated software could be the reason why your PC shuts down every time you open it. That clunky power supply? It could be the reason why your screen fluctuates on a Netflix binge. And while everyone obsesses over graphics cards, the real MVP might be hiding in your motherboard’s compatibility.
This guide cuts through the confusion. We’ll break down every key component, from CPUs, SSDs, GPUs, and RAM to all PC peripherals in simple language. No jargon, no tech bro lingo. Just what you need to choose parts that work smarter, last longer, and save you money. Ready to get the fastest PC in 2025? Let’s get started.
Key Components in a PC
The main components of a computer are a central processing unit (CPU), a motherboard, RAM and ROM, a graphics processing unit (GPU), a power supply, a cooling fan, a display monitor, a storage device, and other peripherals like a keyboard, a mouse, and more. The internal hardware of a personal computer is stored in a computer box, such as the CPU, RAM, motherboard, and other storage devices. Parts of a computer system and its function are explained below:
1. The Central Processing Unit-CPU
The CPU is known as the brain of the computer. It is the primary component and acts as the control center of the computer. A CPU processes all the commands a user gives to the computer. A processor is generally composed of the main memory, control unit, and arithmetic-logic unit.
Control Unit: The control unit is responsible for executing and delivering instructions. The control unit interprets and decodes instructions that are from memory, controls the flow of data between alternative parts of the CPU, and manages the overall process. The control unit is an integral part of the CPU.
Arithmetic logic unit
All input data is transferred from the main memory to the arithmetic logic unit for processing. The unit consists of arithmetic functions and certain logic operations.
The latest generation CPU you have, the more efficient your PC will be. Currently, Intel Processors of the 14th generation Core i9 are the most powerful CPUs on the market that can offer a speed of up to 6.5 GHz. On the other hand, AMD processors in the Ryzen 9 series CPUs are equally competing with Intel in processor technology advancement; both series are based on the latest generation microprocessors.
2. RAM & ROM
Random Access memory is another crucial component that plays an important role in PC performance. The more space and speed your RAM has the better your PC will work under extensive workload. RAM is a random access memory that
The main memory of the computer consists of the data already being processed. It provides fast storage and retrieval of data. The data is stored temporarily until it is executed by the central processing unit. This data includes processing codes and its results. The main memory is further divided into the Random Access Memory (RAM) and the Read Only Memory (ROM).
The RAM comes in two modes, which are the DRAM (Dynamic RAM) and the SRAM (Static RAM). Typically, in a desktop computer, the most widely used RAM is DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic RAM), or more specifically, the DD4. DDR5 is currently the latest module in RAM, while the computing world is expecting DDR6 in the coming year.
The ROM is a type of non-volatile computer memory that stores data permanently. The difference between both main memory systems is summed up in the table below: RAM ROM Data is lost when the computer is turned off Data isn’t lost when the computer is turned off. Chip is often used for temporary storage. Chip is commonly used in startup operations. RAM stores data in multiple gigabytes (1 to 265 GB) ROM stores data in several megabytes (between 4 and 8MB) A motherboard is the main printed circuit board in a computer. It acts as a computer’s central communication through which all components and external computer hardware connect. Motherboard comes in various different sizes; the most commonly used sizes are Based on their sizes, motherboards are used in desktop devices, laptops, and other devices like tablets. If you are going for the latest CPU, GPU, or RAM, you have to get the compatible motherboard as well. Because the motherboard has slots to place all these components. For a high-end GPU, CPU, or RAM, you must have a motherboard that has the respective slots. The GPU, also known as a Graphics Card is a specialized electronic circuit that is made to speed up the creation of images and videos. It is used to accelerate computer graphics as well as image processing. Also, it is vital for tasks like gaming, video editing as well as 3D rendering. The GPU works with the CPU to process visual data and display it on the monitor. Parts of the Graphic Processing Unit consist of: Currently Two big tech giants in the GPU industry are Nvidia and AMD. Nvidia's RTX 5000 Series recently launched into the market with Blackwell architecture. and is all over all gamers' minds. On the other hand, the biggest competitor, AMD, is in no way behind and also launched its Radeon 9000 Series with RDNA 4 Architecture. If you are looking for an affordable yet high-capacity GPU, the RTX 4090 or RTX 3090 would be a good choice. Solid state drive and The Hard Disk Drive SSD & HDD are two major storage devices that provide permanent storage solutions unlike Random Access Memory. Solid state Drive on the other hand, use flash memory and offer faster read and write speeds. An HDD is a component that stores all your digital content. These are images, videos, files, and so on. It uses digital disks to store and retrieve digital data. This includes components like fans, heatsinks, and sometimes liquid cooling systems. These parts work together to remove heat generated by the CPU, GPU, and Power Supply in order to prevent overheating. It is a hardware component of a computer that supplies all other components with power. When buying a Power Supply you have to keep in mind the power taken up by all components. Your power supply Unit must support all the units with sufficient power. In a desktop computer, a power supply is located in the back left or the back right. Parts of a power supply consist of: The display monitor shows the output data on the screen, such as videos and images. It does this by receiving signals from the computer’s graphics card and interpreting them. Display monitors come in various sizes and screen resolution technologies. Various LED, OLED, and OLED monitors offer different screen experiences to the user. A keyboard is used to communicate with the computer. Functions of a keyboard consist of typing characters, saving or copying and navigating within documents and applications. In the table below, six different types of keyboards and their features are explained. Types Features Mechanical Keyboard Membrane Keyboard Wireless Keyboard Ergonomic Keyboard Gaming Keyboard Virtual Keyboard The mouse serves as a pointing device which lets one point to objects on the screen, click on objects as well as move them. The two types of mouse consist of a mechanical mouse and an optical mouse. A gaming computer is designed specifically for the handling and delivering of high-performance gaming experiences. The parts you need to build a gaming computer are the same as a regular computer; however, gaming PCs include high-end components. For example, powerful CPUs, excellent graphics cards, and faster as well as larger amounts of random-access memory (RAM). Every computer has the same basic components, however, they may slightly differ, like a gaming computer for instance. Good places to buy computer parts and other electronic devices include OrangeHardwares. Check out our website to learn more about computer parts and their types.
3. Motherboard
4. The Graphic Processing Unit (GPU)
5. Solid State Drive/Hard Disk Drive
6. Cooling Supply Unit
7. Power Supply Unit
8. A Display Monitor
9. Keyboard
10. Mouse
Conclusion
